Afamelanotide
Scenesse · Melanotan I · CUV1647
An FDA/EMA-approved linear alpha-MSH analog that produces prolonged skin tanning via MC1R activation, used clinically for erythropoietic protoporphyria and extensively researched for photoprotection and skin conditions.
Half-Life
~10-11 hours (elimination half-life); implant provides continuous release over ~2 months
MW
1646.9 Da
Amino Acids
13 AA
Evidence
High Evidence
Regulatory Status
FDA-approved (2019) and EMA-approved (2014) for erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP). Prescription-only in approved markets. Subcutaneous implant form (16 mg rod) provides sustained release over 2 months. Research peptide injectable form available through research chemical suppliers (regulatory status varies by country).
In Plain English
A stabilized, FDA-approved version of the body's own tanning signal. Afamelanotide (sold as Scenesse) is approved to treat a painful sun sensitivity disorder by making the skin produce protective dark pigment without UV exposure. It's the same compound that the research peptide community calls "Melanotan I" — the linear version, with fewer side effects than the more potent cyclic Melanotan II.
Overview
Afamelanotide is a synthetic analog of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) with two substitutions — Nle4 (norleucine replacing methionine at position 4) and D-Phe7 (D-phenylalanine at position 7) — that dramatically increase receptor binding affinity and plasma stability. FDA-approved in 2019 and EMA-approved in 2014 under the brand name Scenesse for erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP), a rare photodermatosis causing severe pain upon sun exposure. It is the first alpha-MSH analog to receive regulatory approval. When administered as a subcutaneous biodegradable implant, afamelanotide induces melanogenesis and a protective tanning response without UV exposure. Beyond EPP, it has been researched for photosensitivity disorders, solar urticaria, polymorphic light eruption, and general photoprotection. Note: Afamelanotide = Melanotan I in research community nomenclature.
Common Formats
- Biodegradable subcutaneous implant (16 mg rod, clinical)
- Injectable research peptide (lyophilized powder)
Storage Notes
Clinical implants: room temperature, protect from light. Research peptide: -20°C lyophilized; reconstituted solution 4°C, 2-3 weeks. Protect from UV exposure during storage.
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Related Compounds
Alpha-MSH
The endogenous tridecapeptide that controls skin pigmentation via MC1R, regulates appetite and energy expenditure via MC3R/MC4R, and has potent anti-inflammatory properties — the parent molecule of the melanotan family.
Melanotan I
A synthetic alpha-MSH analogue with FDA-orphan drug approval for erythropoietic protoporphyria, producing skin darkening through melanin stimulation.
Melanotan II
A cyclic alpha-MSH analogue with potent melanogenic, sexual arousal, and appetite-suppressing effects through broad melanocortin receptor activation.
PT-141
FDA-approved melanocortin receptor agonist for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women, with off-label research in men.
Educational Disclaimer: All information on this page is for educational and research purposes only. This does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment recommendation. Consult a qualified healthcare professional.